Bibliography
Web Sources
Teleflora: rose color meanings
Wikipedia: Rainbow rose
River Flowers
F.J. Zandbergen & Zn, rose traders (Dutch)
Happy Roses (Netherlands)
Rose File: The Color of the Rose
Goddess Plan: Lilac
Spiritual Forums
Wikipedia: Citrus
Wikipedia: Citron
Health Benefits of Lavender Essential Oil
Wikipedia: Lavender oil
Wikipedia: Cavalry
http://www.ummah.net/family/masc.html
Feminine Arabic Names
The International Commission on Nobility and Royalty
Wikipedia: Emir
Regnal Chronologies: Glossary of Titles
Wikipedia: Royal and noble ranks
Wikipedia: Olive
All About Olives
Answers.com: Agriculture Questions
Answers.com: How many bushels of corn can you get from an acre of corn?
Wikipedia: Olive (fruit)
Wikipedia: Shield
Wikipedia: Scutum shield
Wikipedia: Kite shield
Wikipedia: Heater shield
Wikipedia: Buckler
Heraldry: Shield Shapes
All Things Medieval: Medieval Shields
Shields for Beginners
http://www.medievaltimes.info/medieval-weapons-and-armor/medieval-shields-and-heraldry.html
Wikipedia: Heraldry
Translation of ghost in German
Wikipedia: Watermill
http://www.bookrags.com/tandf/mills-and-milling-tf/
Medieval Technology and American History: Mills and Machinery from Medieval to Colonial Times
ScienceDirect - Journal of Medieval History: The 'French' mill in medieval Tuscany
Wikipedia: Gristmill
Medieval Miller
Medieval Technology and American History: The Mills at Ephrata
Basic Elements of a Mill that makes a Mill look like a Mill
Recreating Medieval English Ales
Wikipedia: Flour
Wikipedia: Equestrianism
Different types of Fae
Wikipedia: Fairy
Medieval Bread
Answers.com: What crops were grown in North Carolina?
Willis Orchard Co.: Nut Trees
Social Studies for Kids: Farming in the 13 American Colonies
Wikipedia: Morchella
Wikipedia: Saudi Arabia
Wikipedia: Leviathan
Wikipedia: Sea Monsters
Wikipedia: Nativity scene
Dress, Jewels, Arms and Coat of Arms: Material Culture and Self-Representation in the Late Middle Ages
Wikipedia: Building material
A List of Occupations
Wikipedia: Alloy
Wikipedia: Alkahest
Wikipedia: Aqua regia
Wikipedia: Aqua fortis
Wikipedia: Caduceus
Wikipedia: Viriditas
Wikipedia: Prima materia
Wikipedia: Anima Mundi (disambiguation)
Wikipedia: Anima mundi
Wikipedia: Carmot (in Alchemy)
Wikipedia: Strangelet
The Dome of the Sky: Constellation List
Wikipedia: Meteor hammer
Wikipedia: Medieval university
Wikipedia: Town and gown
Wikipedia: Hellburners
Wikipedia: Lou chuan
Wikipedia: Mirror armour
Wikipedia: Club (weapon): Some types
Wikipedia: History of Western fashion
Wikipedia: History of clothing and textiles
Wikipedia: Medieval ships
Wikipedia: Papermaking
Wikipedia: Tournament (medieval)
Wikipedia: Hastilude
Wikipedia: Flyting
Wikipedia: Medieval household
Wikipedia: Hortus conclusus
Wikipedia: Medieval gardening
Wikipedia: Lists of disasters
Wikipedia: Medieval demography
Wikipedia: Medieval fortification
Wikipedia: Encastellation
Wikipedia: Ballista
Wikipedia: Catapult
Wikipedia: Medieval dance
Wikipedia: Archaeology
Wikipedia: Material culture
Medieval Torture
Medieval Crafts You Can Do Yourself
The Internet Classics Archive
History Learning Site
The Perseus Digital Library
Ship wreck reveals ancient secrets of medicine
Wikipedia: Salami
Wikipedia: Genoa salami
Wikipedia: Cacciatore
Wikipedia: Plant breeding
Wikipedia: Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis
Wikipedia: Shipbuilding
Wikipedia: Ancient Egyptian burial customs
Wikipedia: Freshwater shark
Wikipedia: River shark
Wikipedia: Northern river shark
Medieval Occupations
Wikipedia: Glass
The History of Glass Making
About.com: History of Candy & Desserts
Wikipedia: Rock candy
Linda Wilson Ceramics: Slip casting
eHow.com: How to Fire Pottery in a Kiln
How to Make Pottery: Glazing and Firing Pottery
Wikipedia: Bell (instrument)
Veridin, Bells & Clocks: How to Cast a Bell
China History Forum: Paper Armour?
Wikipedia: What the Ancients Did for Us
Wikipedia: List of Roman Generals
Wikipedia: List of Military Commanders
Wikipedia: List of Roman Battles
Wikipedia: Chocolate
Stephen's Florilegium Archive
The Food Timeline
UCLA History & Special Collections: Medicinal Spices Exhibits
Medieval Cookery: Pynade candy
SCAtoday.net: Sweet! Medieval Candy, Cookies, and Cakes
Medieval Bookbinding
Google Search: medieval bookbinding
Your Dictionary: thresh
Wheat Growing and Grain Harvesting: WHEAT CROPS
Wikipedia: Winnow
Wikipedia: Mirror
The History and Creation of Mirrors
Wikipedia: Hel (being)
Encyclopedia.com - Topic: weaver bird
Wikipedia: Ploceidae
Big Site of Amazing Facts: Where Does Amber Come From?
Specific Languages in the Yahoo! Directory
Wikipedia: Human
Wikipedia: Language
Wikipedia: List of towns in England
WikiAnswers: How many petals are there on a rose?
Petal Garden: Educating yourself about Rose Petals
Wikipedia: Long Island
Wikipedia: List of islands by area
Wikipedia: Early mechanical clocks
Wikipedia: Lock (water transport)
Lock - History, Construction And Operation
Wikipedia: Category: Towns in Japan
Keith's Moon Facts, Moon Phases, Moon Photos & Moon Folklore
Wikipedia: Espionage
Measuring Worth
Wikipedia: Bismuth
Wikipedia: Rose's metal
Wikipedia: Platinum
Wikipedia: Alloy
Technology of Medieval Crafts: Bidri Ware
The Copper Alloys of the Medieval Islamic World
Wikipedia: Metallurgy
Greek Island List
Flag Etiquette
Flag Types
Dover Flag & Map: Maps
Flag Etiquette
Things to know about American Flags, Flag Kits, Stick Flags, Flag Pole Kits, Banners, and more
Wikipedia: Petrosomatoglyph
Wikipedia: Jolly Roger
Wikipedia: Flag
Medieval Spell: The Medieval History Source
Wikipedia: Military organization
Wikipedia: Trial by combat
THE MIDDLE AGES, CHIVALRY, & KNIGHTHOOD
Medieval World Websites
Wikipedia: Horses in warfare
Wikipedia: Law of Arms
Wikipedia: Right of asylum
Sanctuary in medieval law
Treatment of Scurvy
Willow Tree
RBC Herbal, Inc.: Cloves
About Amber Oil & Organic Amber Essence Oil
World of Amber
http://www.thebakken.org/education/SciMathMN/plant-dyes/dyes2.htm#History
Vanilla, Saffron Imports: What is Saffron?
Early, Medieval, and Renaissance Western Works on Dyes and Dyeing
http://www47.pair.com/lindo/Dyes.htm
http://my.net-link.net/~rowan/crafts/woad/woadpage.html
http://www.dnaco.net/~aleed/corsets/lizcolor.html
http://www.dnaco.net/~aleed/dyes/
http://www.geocities.com/abertawe2000/resources/dyes.html
A BRIEF HISTORY OF DYESTUFFS & DYEING
Ancient dyes, natural and synthetic
Orchil Dye: Orchil, the poor person's purple
An overview of period dyes
http://www.hindin.gen.nz/Simone/Dyeing/Stuffs.asp
http://www.starhaven1.net/dyesandinks.htm
Google search - define:spell
http://members.aol.com/pewtrsocty/pewteris.htm
A Short History of Metals
The Fujita Scale of Tornado Intensity
Valentines Roses - Rose Colors and Traditional Rose Meanings
Colors of Roses
Roses by Design: What the Different Colors of Roses Mean? Symbolism
The Laws of Magic
Authentic Thaumaturgy: The Laws of Magic
The Skeptic's Dictionary: sympathetic magic
http://dictionary.laborlawtalk.com/The_Golden_Bough
Wikipedia: Minerals
What Is A Flower?
Google search - define:flower
Wikipedia: Dyes
http://www.ceu.hu/medstud/manual/MMM/glossary.html
Wikipedia: Ink
http://wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=ink
Wikipedia: Long pepper
Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices by Andrew Dalby
Wikipedia: Piperaceae
Taxonomy Browser: Pieraceae
Flora of China: Piperaceae
http://www.io.com/~sjohn/demog.htm
http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/medieval/medieval.ebbs.html
Castles on the Web
Fordham University: Internet Medieval Sourcebook
Angiosperm Family: The Families of Flowering Plants
http://www.ceu.hu/medstud/manual/MMM/
Mass of a Baseball
http://members.aol.com/oldenwilde/teaching/corresp.html
Mystic Station Designs
Wikipedia: Awards and decorations of the United States military
Ladyhawk's Treasures
Free Online English to Latin Translator
Alchemy Guild
Literary Sources
Barber, Elisabeth J.W. Prehistoric Textiles: The Development of Cloth in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages with Special Reference to the Aegean. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991.
Crowfoot, Elisabeth; Pritchard, Frances; and Staniland, Kay. Textiles and Clothing c.1150-c.1450. Medieval Finds from Excavations in London, 4. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1992.
Adrosko, Rita. Natural Dyes and Home Dyeing. Dover Publications: New York, 1971.
Focuses on American dyeing history so it is helpful in finding dye plants that grow native in the United States. Keep in mind that not all these plants were available in Europe.
Blumenthal, Betsy and Kathryn Kreider (Contributor). Hands on Dyeing. September 1988.
Buchanan, Rita. A Dyer's Garden. Interweave Press: Loveland, Colorado, 1995.
Beautiful full-color pictures of plants and their resulting dyes on different fibers and with various mordants. Again, all plants featured can be found or grown in Pennsylvania, but weren't necessarily available in Europe.
Cannon, John and Gretel Dalby-Quenet (Illustrator). Dyeplants and Dyeing. Timber Press: Portland, 1994.
Good watercolor depictions of plants done by a botanical artist; depictions of dye colors are in approximate range, but not always true. Great information on native origins of each plant.
Casselman, Karen Leigh. Craft of the Dyer: Colour from Plants and Lichens. Dover Publications: New York, 1980.
Alphabetical listing of plants and the colors obtained from them. The addition of lichens makes this book interesting also.
Dean, Jenny. Wild Color.
Beautiful color plates show small pictures of plant as well as resultant colors. Author is from UK.
Delamare, Francois and Bernard Guineau. Colors: The Story of Dyes and Pigments. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers: New York, 2000.
History, not how-to. Excellent overview of dyes and paints history worldwide.
Liles, J.M. The Art and Craft of Natural Dyeing: Traditional Recipes for Modern Use. University of Tennessee Press: Knoxville, 1990.
Best book for learning historical dyeing methods. Includes methods and dyes from various times and places with a slight bias towards Colonial America. Lots of good advice and detailed recipes.
Van Stralen, Trudy. Indigo Madder & Marigold : A Portfolio of Colors from Natural Dyes.
Great basic book for modern natural dyeing how-to's. Focus on North America, all recipes tested repeatedly by author.
Sandberg, Gosta et al. The Red Dyes : Cochineal, Madder, and Murex Purple : A World Tour of Textile Techniques. March 1997
Incredible detail on the histories of the specified "red" dyes from early times through modern and around the world.
Dyes in History and Archaeology (1988-) [For previous title, see Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles
Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles (1982-7) [For later title, see Dyes in History and Archaeology
Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists
Cardon, D., Guide des teintures naturelles (Lausanne, 1990)
Ferguson, E.S., Bibliography of the History of Technology (London, 1968) [includes dyeing]
Hall, A.R., 'A Survey of Palaeobotanical Evidence for Dyeing and Mordanting from British Archaeological Excavations', in 'Quaternary Stratigraphy and Palaeoecology', edited by C. Turner and P. Gibbard, p. 635-40, Quaternary Science Review 15 (1996)
Laurie, A.G., A Bibliography of Dyeing and Textile Printing Comprising a List of Books from the Sixteenth Century to the Present Time (London, 1949)
Ponting, K.G., A Dictionary of Dyes and Dyeing (London, 1980)
Schweppe, H., Handbuch der Naturfarbstoffe: Vorkommen, Verwendung, Nachweis (Landsberg/Lech, 1993)
Bolton, Eileen M., Lichens for Vegetable Dyeing (London, 1960)
Brunello, Franco, The Art of Dyeing in the History of Mankind (Vicenza, 1973)
Celoria, F., 'Archaeology and Dyestuffs', Science and Archaeology 6 (1971), 15-39
Christensen, H., Laerebok i Farvning med Planter, 5th edition (Oslo, 1935)
Engelstad, H., 'Plantefarvingens Historie i Norge', Norsk Billedvev, 1550-1800, by T.B. Kielland (1953), p. 103-11 and 117-8
Fraser, J., Traditional Scottish Dyes (Edinburgh, 1983)
Garland, H.E., ed., 'Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles', Summary of Talks, 6th Meeting, the University of Leeds, September 1987 (1988)
Grierson, S., The Colour Cauldron (Perth, 1986)
Grierson, S., 'Vegetable Dyes of Scotland', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 100 (1984), 209-11
Hall, Allan R. and Philippa Tomlinson, 'Archaeological Records of Dye Plants, an Update, With a Note on Fullers' Teasels', Dyes in History and Archaeology 8 (1990), 19-21
Hofmann, R., 'Färbepflanzen und Färbedrogen: Verwendung in Europa und Österreich Einst und Jetzt', Beiträge zur Waidtagung 4/5.4 (1993), p. 37-48 + appendices
Horsfall, R.S. and L.G. Lawrie, The Dyeing of Textile Fibres (London, 1946)
Hübner, J., 'A Contribution to the History of Dyeing', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 23 (1913), 344-57
Hübner, J., 'A Contribution to the History of Dyeing with Special Reference to Scotland', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 24 (1914), 211-28
Hübner, J., 'Early History of Dyeing', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists Jubilee issue (1934), 1-6
Larsen, C., Farvning med Plantefarvestoffer (1933)
Linder, J., Svensk Färg-Konst med Inländska örter, Gräs, Blommor, Blad, Löf, Barkar, Wäxter och Mineralier, second edition (1749)
Mahon, B., 'Traditional Dyestuffs in Ireland', Gold Under the Furze: Studies in Folk Tradition, edited by A. Gailey and D. O h'Ogain (1983), p. 115-28
Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 1: Core Rules. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.
Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 2: Magicks & Miracles. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.
Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 3: Gamemaster's Companion. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.
Meldola, R., 'Vegetable Colouring-Matters Used as Dyeing Materials in the Scotch Highlands', Essex Naturalist 12 (1901), 45
Nylænd, J., Norske Plantefargar (Christiania, 1905)
Nyrop, C., Danske Farvere (Copenhagen, 1900)
Perkin, A.G. and A.E. Everest, The Natural Organic Colouring Matters(London, 1918)
Plowright, Charles B., 'British Dye-Plants', Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society 26 (1901), 452-4
Plowright, Charles B., 'On the Tinctorial Properties of Our British Dye Plants', Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists' Society 7 (1902), 386
Ponting, K.G., 'Important Natural Dyes of History', Industrial Archaeology Review 2 (1978), 154-9
Ross, C., 'Studies in the History of Dyeing' (Ph.D thesis, University of London, 1946)
Taylor, G.W., 'New Light on Our Colourful Past', Current Archaeology 88 (1983), 153
Thurstan, V., The Use of Vegetable Dyes, fourteenth edition (London, 1975)
Tomlinson, Philippa and Allan R. Hall, 'Progress in Palaeobotanical Studies of Dye Plants, 1983/4', Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles: Summary of Talks: 3rd Meeting, York Archaeological Trust, September 1984, edited by H.E. Dalrymple (Edinburgh, 1985)
Valentiner, Regitze, Plantefarvning (1962)
Walton, Penelope and George Taylor, 'The Characterisation of Dyes in Textiles from Archaeological Excavations, Chromatography and Analysis (June 1991),
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pigments et colorants de l'Antiquité et du Moyen Âge (Paris, 1990)
Faber, G., 'Dyeing in Greece', CIBA Review 9 (1938), 284-90
Faber, G., 'The Roman Dyers', CIBA Review 9 (1938), 291-4
Forbes, R.J., Studies in Ancient Technology, vol. 4 (Leiden, 1964)
Leggett, William Ferguson, Ancient and Medieval Dyes (New York, 1944)
Lillie, R.D., 'The Red Dyes Used by Ancient Dyers: their Probable Identity', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists (1979), 57-61
Taylor, George W., 'Reds and Purples: from the Classical World to Pre-Conquest Britain', Textiles in Northern Archaeology: NESAT III: Textile Symposium in York, 6-9 May 1987, edited by Penelope Walton and John-Peter Wild (London, 1990), p. 37-46
Bugge, A., Studier over de Norske Byers Selvstyre og Handel for Hanseaternes Tid (Christiania, 1899) [includes lichens]
Bugge, A., Vesterlandenes Indflydelse paa Nordboernes og Saerlig Nordmaendenes Ydre Kultur, Levesaet og Samfundsforhold i Vikingetiden (Christiania, 1904) [includes lichens]
Casselman, Karen Diadick, 'Norse Lichen Dyes', Handwoven (September/October 1996), 48-50
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pigments et colorants de l'Antiquité et du Moyen Âge (Paris, 1990)
Danstrup, J., et al., Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for Nordisk Middelalder fra Vikingetid til Reformationstid, 22 vols. (1956-78) [dyeing, p. 171-82)
De Poerck, G., La draperie médiévale en Flandre et en Artois: technique et terminologie, 3 vols (Bruges, 1951)
Espinas, G., La draperie dans la Flandre Française au Moyen Age, 2 vols (Paris, 1923)
Hiorth, J., Undersogelser af Forhistorisk Uld og Toirester (Stavanger, 1908) [Iron Age to Migration period]
Hofenk-De Graaff, J., 'The Chemistry of Red Dyestuffs in Medieval and Early Modern Europe', Cloth and Clothing in Medieval Europe: Essays in Memory of Professor E.M. Carus-Wilson, edited by N.B. Harte and K.G. Ponting (London, 1983), p. 71-9
Leggett, William Ferguson, Ancient and Medieval Dyes (New York, 1944)
Leix, Alfred, 'Dyeing and Dyers' Guilds in Mediaeval Craftsmanship', CIBA Review 1 (1937), 10-16
Leix, Alfred, 'Dyes of the Middle Ages', CIBA Review 1 (1937), 19-21
Leix, Alfred, 'Medieval Dye Markets in Europe', CIBA Review 10 (1938), 324-9
Neuburger, M.C., 'Medieval Dyeing Technique', CIBA Review 9 (1938), 337-40
Ploss, E.E., Ein Buch von alten Farben: Technologie der Textilfarben im Mittelalter mit einem Ausblick auf die festen Farben (Heidelberg, 1962) Swanson, H., Medieval
The Medieval Machine, by Jean Gimpel Barnes & Nobles 1976
Eleanor of Aquitaine, by Alison Weir.....Ballantine publishing 1999
The Medieval Town, by John H. Mundy and Peter Riesenberg. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company.
The Medieval Town, by Fritz Rörig. University of California Press.
Medieval Cities, by Henri Pirenne. Doubleday.
Quills: "History.uk.com", PO Box 146, Brighton, BN1 9WE, United Kingdom
COLLECTION: GOAT HANDBOOK, ORIGIN: United States
CHEESE MAKING, Jack Schmidling Productions, Inc.18016 Church Road ~ Marengo IL 60152
Taylor, George W., 'Detection and Identification of Dyes on Anglo-Scandinavian Textiles', Studies in Conservation 28 (1983), 153-60
Taylor, George W., 'Reds and Purples: from the Classical World to Pre-Conquest Britain', Textiles in Northern Archaeology: NESAT III: Textile Symposium in York, 6-9 May 1987, edited by Penelope Walton and John-Peter Wild (London, 1990), p. 37-46
Tomlinson, P., 'Use of Vegetative Remains in the Identification of Dyeplants from Waterlogged 9th-10th Century A.D. Deposits at York', Journal of Archaeological Science 12 (1985), 269-83
Walton, Penelope, 'Dyeplants from Viking York', Antiquity 58 (1984), 58-60
Walton, Penelope, 'Dyes of the Viking Age: a Summary of Recent Work', Dyes in History and Archaeology 7 (1988), 14-20
Wise, H., 'Mittelalterliche Rezepte zur Färberei sowie zur Herstellung von Farben und Fleckwasser', Niederdeutsches Jahrbuch 81 (1958), 49-58
Leggett, William F. Ancient and Medieval Dyes. Brooklyn: Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 1944.
Moeller, Walter O. The Wool Trade of Ancient Pompeii. Leiden, Netherlands: E.J. Brill, 1976.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History: A Selection. Trans. John F. Healy. New York: Penguin Books, 1991.
Robertson, Seonaid M. Dyes from Plants. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1973
Robinson, Stuart. A History of Dyed Textiles. Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press, 1969.
Cunningham, Scott. Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Crystal, Gem & Metal Magic. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 1988
Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 1985
Walker, Barbara G. The Book of Sacred Stones: Fact and Fallacy in the Crystal World. New York, NY: Harper & Row, 1989
Diagram Group, The. The Little Giant Encyclopedia of Superstitions. New York, NY:Sterling Publishing Co, 1999
The Little Giant Encyclopedia of Spells and Magic. New York, NY:Sterling Publishing Co, 1999 compiled by Jane Johnson, edited by Nancy Bailey
Culpeper's Color Herbal edited by David Potterton published by Sterling ISBN 080698582
Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs Copyright 1985 Scott Cunningham Published by Llewellyn Publications ISBN 0875421229
Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 2: Magicks & Miracles. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.
Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 3: Gamemaster’s Companion. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.
Grun, Benard The Time Tables of History The third Revised edition. Touchstone, Simon & Schuster Press; 1991
Gabaldon, Diana. The Outlandish Companion. Delacorte Press; 1999
Reeves, Compton. Pleasures and Pastimes in Medieval England. New York Oxford, Oxford University Press; 1998
Lacey, Robert; Danziger, Danny. The Year 1000. Little, Brown and Company; 1999
Dyer, Christopher. Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages. Revised edition. Cambridge University Press; 1998
Gurwvich Aron. Medieval Popular Culture. Cambridge University Press; 1995
Wilkinson, Philip. Pockets Castles. DK Publishing; 1997
Macaulay, David. CASTLE. Houghton Mifflin Company; 1977
Mubdy, John; Riesenberg, Peter. The Medieval Town. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company
Pirenne, Henri. Medieval Cities. Doubleday press
Rörig,Fritz. The Medieval Town. University of California Press
Culpeper's Color Herbal
Edited by David Potterton Published by Sterling ISBN 080698582
Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs, Copyright 1985 Scott Cunningham Published by Llewellyn Publications ISBN 0875421229