Bibliography

Web Sources

Wikipedia: Julian day

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World of Amber

http://www.thebakken.org/education/SciMathMN/plant-dyes/dyes2.htm#History

Vanilla, Saffron Imports: What is Saffron?

Early, Medieval, and Renaissance Western Works on Dyes and Dyeing

http://www47.pair.com/lindo/Dyes.htm

http://my.net-link.net/~rowan/crafts/woad/woadpage.html

http://www.dnaco.net/~aleed/corsets/lizcolor.html

http://www.dnaco.net/~aleed/dyes/

http://www.geocities.com/abertawe2000/resources/dyes.html

A BRIEF HISTORY OF DYESTUFFS & DYEING

Ancient dyes, natural and synthetic

Orchil Dye: Orchil, the poor person's purple

An overview of period dyes

http://www.hindin.gen.nz/Simone/Dyeing/Stuffs.asp

http://www.starhaven1.net/dyesandinks.htm

Google search - define:spell

http://members.aol.com/pewtrsocty/pewteris.htm

A Short History of Metals

The Fujita Scale of Tornado Intensity

Valentines Roses - Rose Colors and Traditional Rose Meanings

Colors of Roses

Roses by Design: What the Different Colors of Roses Mean? Symbolism

The Laws of Magic

Authentic Thaumaturgy: The Laws of Magic

The Skeptic's Dictionary: sympathetic magic

http://dictionary.laborlawtalk.com/The_Golden_Bough

Wikipedia: Minerals

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Google search - define:flower

Wikipedia: Dyes

http://www.ceu.hu/medstud/manual/MMM/glossary.html

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http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/medieval/medieval.ebbs.html

Castles on the Web

Fordham University: Internet Medieval Sourcebook

Angiosperm Family: The Families of Flowering Plants

http://www.ceu.hu/medstud/manual/MMM/

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http://members.aol.com/oldenwilde/teaching/corresp.html

Mystic Station Designs

Wikipedia: Awards and decorations of the United States military

Ladyhawk's Treasures

Free Online English to Latin Translator

Alchemy Guild

Literary Sources

Barber, Elisabeth J.W. Prehistoric Textiles: The Development of Cloth in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages with Special Reference to the Aegean. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991.

Crowfoot, Elisabeth; Pritchard, Frances; and Staniland, Kay. Textiles and Clothing c.1150-c.1450. Medieval Finds from Excavations in London, 4. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1992.

Adrosko, Rita. Natural Dyes and Home Dyeing. Dover Publications: New York, 1971.
Focuses on American dyeing history so it is helpful in finding dye plants that grow native in the United States. Keep in mind that not all these plants were available in Europe.

Blumenthal, Betsy and Kathryn Kreider (Contributor). Hands on Dyeing. September 1988.

Buchanan, Rita. A Dyer's Garden. Interweave Press: Loveland, Colorado, 1995.
Beautiful full-color pictures of plants and their resulting dyes on different fibers and with various mordants. Again, all plants featured can be found or grown in Pennsylvania, but weren't necessarily available in Europe.

Cannon, John and Gretel Dalby-Quenet (Illustrator). Dyeplants and Dyeing. Timber Press: Portland, 1994.
Good watercolor depictions of plants done by a botanical artist; depictions of dye colors are in approximate range, but not always true. Great information on native origins of each plant.

Casselman, Karen Leigh. Craft of the Dyer: Colour from Plants and Lichens. Dover Publications: New York, 1980.
Alphabetical listing of plants and the colors obtained from them. The addition of lichens makes this book interesting also.

Dean, Jenny. Wild Color.
Beautiful color plates show small pictures of plant as well as resultant colors. Author is from UK.

Delamare, Francois and Bernard Guineau. Colors: The Story of Dyes and Pigments. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers: New York, 2000.
History, not how-to. Excellent overview of dyes and paints history worldwide.

Liles, J.M. The Art and Craft of Natural Dyeing: Traditional Recipes for Modern Use. University of Tennessee Press: Knoxville, 1990.
Best book for learning historical dyeing methods. Includes methods and dyes from various times and places with a slight bias towards Colonial America. Lots of good advice and detailed recipes.

Van Stralen, Trudy. Indigo Madder & Marigold : A Portfolio of Colors from Natural Dyes.
Great basic book for modern natural dyeing how-to's. Focus on North America, all recipes tested repeatedly by author.

Sandberg, Gosta et al. The Red Dyes : Cochineal, Madder, and Murex Purple : A World Tour of Textile Techniques. March 1997

Incredible detail on the histories of the specified "red" dyes from early times through modern and around the world.

Dyes in History and Archaeology (1988-) [For previous title, see Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles

Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles (1982-7) [For later title, see Dyes in History and Archaeology

Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists

Cardon, D., Guide des teintures naturelles (Lausanne, 1990)

Ferguson, E.S., Bibliography of the History of Technology (London, 1968) [includes dyeing]

Hall, A.R., 'A Survey of Palaeobotanical Evidence for Dyeing and Mordanting from British Archaeological Excavations', in 'Quaternary Stratigraphy and Palaeoecology', edited by C. Turner and P. Gibbard, p. 635-40, Quaternary Science Review 15 (1996)

Laurie, A.G., A Bibliography of Dyeing and Textile Printing Comprising a List of Books from the Sixteenth Century to the Present Time (London, 1949)

Ponting, K.G., A Dictionary of Dyes and Dyeing (London, 1980)

Schweppe, H., Handbuch der Naturfarbstoffe: Vorkommen, Verwendung, Nachweis (Landsberg/Lech, 1993)

Bolton, Eileen M., Lichens for Vegetable Dyeing (London, 1960)

Brunello, Franco, The Art of Dyeing in the History of Mankind (Vicenza, 1973)

Celoria, F., 'Archaeology and Dyestuffs', Science and Archaeology 6 (1971), 15-39

Christensen, H., Laerebok i Farvning med Planter, 5th edition (Oslo, 1935)

Engelstad, H., 'Plantefarvingens Historie i Norge', Norsk Billedvev, 1550-1800, by T.B. Kielland (1953), p. 103-11 and 117-8

Fraser, J., Traditional Scottish Dyes (Edinburgh, 1983)

Garland, H.E., ed., 'Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles', Summary of Talks, 6th Meeting, the University of Leeds, September 1987 (1988)

Grierson, S., The Colour Cauldron (Perth, 1986)

Grierson, S., 'Vegetable Dyes of Scotland', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 100 (1984), 209-11

Hall, Allan R. and Philippa Tomlinson, 'Archaeological Records of Dye Plants, an Update, With a Note on Fullers' Teasels', Dyes in History and Archaeology 8 (1990), 19-21

Hofmann, R., 'Färbepflanzen und Färbedrogen: Verwendung in Europa und Österreich Einst und Jetzt', Beiträge zur Waidtagung 4/5.4 (1993), p. 37-48 + appendices

Horsfall, R.S. and L.G. Lawrie, The Dyeing of Textile Fibres (London, 1946)

Hübner, J., 'A Contribution to the History of Dyeing', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 23 (1913), 344-57

Hübner, J., 'A Contribution to the History of Dyeing with Special Reference to Scotland', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 24 (1914), 211-28

Hübner, J., 'Early History of Dyeing', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists Jubilee issue (1934), 1-6

Larsen, C., Farvning med Plantefarvestoffer (1933)

Linder, J., Svensk Färg-Konst med Inländska örter, Gräs, Blommor, Blad, Löf, Barkar, Wäxter och Mineralier, second edition (1749)

Mahon, B., 'Traditional Dyestuffs in Ireland', Gold Under the Furze: Studies in Folk Tradition, edited by A. Gailey and D. O h'Ogain (1983), p. 115-28

Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 1: Core Rules. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.

Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 2: Magicks & Miracles. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.

Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 3: Gamemaster's Companion. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.

Meldola, R., 'Vegetable Colouring-Matters Used as Dyeing Materials in the Scotch Highlands', Essex Naturalist 12 (1901), 45

Nylænd, J., Norske Plantefargar (Christiania, 1905)

Nyrop, C., Danske Farvere (Copenhagen, 1900)

Perkin, A.G. and A.E. Everest, The Natural Organic Colouring Matters(London, 1918)

Plowright, Charles B., 'British Dye-Plants', Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society 26 (1901), 452-4

Plowright, Charles B., 'On the Tinctorial Properties of Our British Dye Plants', Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists' Society 7 (1902), 386

Ponting, K.G., 'Important Natural Dyes of History', Industrial Archaeology Review 2 (1978), 154-9

Ross, C., 'Studies in the History of Dyeing' (Ph.D thesis, University of London, 1946)

Taylor, G.W., 'New Light on Our Colourful Past', Current Archaeology 88 (1983), 153

Thurstan, V., The Use of Vegetable Dyes, fourteenth edition (London, 1975)

Tomlinson, Philippa and Allan R. Hall, 'Progress in Palaeobotanical Studies of Dye Plants, 1983/4', Dyes on Historical and Archaeological Textiles: Summary of Talks: 3rd Meeting, York Archaeological Trust, September 1984, edited by H.E. Dalrymple (Edinburgh, 1985)

Valentiner, Regitze, Plantefarvning (1962)

Walton, Penelope and George Taylor, 'The Characterisation of Dyes in Textiles from Archaeological Excavations, Chromatography and Analysis (June 1991),

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pigments et colorants de l'Antiquité et du Moyen Âge (Paris, 1990)

Faber, G., 'Dyeing in Greece', CIBA Review 9 (1938), 284-90

Faber, G., 'The Roman Dyers', CIBA Review 9 (1938), 291-4

Forbes, R.J., Studies in Ancient Technology, vol. 4 (Leiden, 1964)

Leggett, William Ferguson, Ancient and Medieval Dyes (New York, 1944)

Lillie, R.D., 'The Red Dyes Used by Ancient Dyers: their Probable Identity', Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists (1979), 57-61

Taylor, George W., 'Reds and Purples: from the Classical World to Pre-Conquest Britain', Textiles in Northern Archaeology: NESAT III: Textile Symposium in York, 6-9 May 1987, edited by Penelope Walton and John-Peter Wild (London, 1990), p. 37-46

Bugge, A., Studier over de Norske Byers Selvstyre og Handel for Hanseaternes Tid (Christiania, 1899) [includes lichens]

Bugge, A., Vesterlandenes Indflydelse paa Nordboernes og Saerlig Nordmaendenes Ydre Kultur, Levesaet og Samfundsforhold i Vikingetiden (Christiania, 1904) [includes lichens]

Casselman, Karen Diadick, 'Norse Lichen Dyes', Handwoven (September/October 1996), 48-50

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Pigments et colorants de l'Antiquité et du Moyen Âge (Paris, 1990)

Danstrup, J., et al., Kulturhistorisk Leksikon for Nordisk Middelalder fra Vikingetid til Reformationstid, 22 vols. (1956-78) [dyeing, p. 171-82)

De Poerck, G., La draperie médiévale en Flandre et en Artois: technique et terminologie, 3 vols (Bruges, 1951)

Espinas, G., La draperie dans la Flandre Française au Moyen Age, 2 vols (Paris, 1923)

Hiorth, J., Undersogelser af Forhistorisk Uld og Toirester (Stavanger, 1908) [Iron Age to Migration period]

Hofenk-De Graaff, J., 'The Chemistry of Red Dyestuffs in Medieval and Early Modern Europe', Cloth and Clothing in Medieval Europe: Essays in Memory of Professor E.M. Carus-Wilson, edited by N.B. Harte and K.G. Ponting (London, 1983), p. 71-9

Leggett, William Ferguson, Ancient and Medieval Dyes (New York, 1944)

Leix, Alfred, 'Dyeing and Dyers' Guilds in Mediaeval Craftsmanship', CIBA Review 1 (1937), 10-16

Leix, Alfred, 'Dyes of the Middle Ages', CIBA Review 1 (1937), 19-21

Leix, Alfred, 'Medieval Dye Markets in Europe', CIBA Review 10 (1938), 324-9

Neuburger, M.C., 'Medieval Dyeing Technique', CIBA Review 9 (1938), 337-40

Ploss, E.E., Ein Buch von alten Farben: Technologie der Textilfarben im Mittelalter mit einem Ausblick auf die festen Farben (Heidelberg, 1962) Swanson, H., Medieval

The Medieval Machine, by Jean Gimpel Barnes & Nobles 1976

Eleanor of Aquitaine, by Alison Weir.....Ballantine publishing 1999

The Medieval Town, by John H. Mundy and Peter Riesenberg. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company.

The Medieval Town, by Fritz Rörig. University of California Press.

Medieval Cities, by Henri Pirenne. Doubleday.

Quills: "History.uk.com", PO Box 146, Brighton, BN1 9WE, United Kingdom

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Taylor, George W., 'Detection and Identification of Dyes on Anglo-Scandinavian Textiles', Studies in Conservation 28 (1983), 153-60

Taylor, George W., 'Reds and Purples: from the Classical World to Pre-Conquest Britain', Textiles in Northern Archaeology: NESAT III: Textile Symposium in York, 6-9 May 1987, edited by Penelope Walton and John-Peter Wild (London, 1990), p. 37-46

Tomlinson, P., 'Use of Vegetative Remains in the Identification of Dyeplants from Waterlogged 9th-10th Century A.D. Deposits at York', Journal of Archaeological Science 12 (1985), 269-83

Walton, Penelope, 'Dyeplants from Viking York', Antiquity 58 (1984), 58-60

Walton, Penelope, 'Dyes of the Viking Age: a Summary of Recent Work', Dyes in History and Archaeology 7 (1988), 14-20

Wise, H., 'Mittelalterliche Rezepte zur Färberei sowie zur Herstellung von Farben und Fleckwasser', Niederdeutsches Jahrbuch 81 (1958), 49-58

Leggett, William F. Ancient and Medieval Dyes. Brooklyn: Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 1944.

Moeller, Walter O. The Wool Trade of Ancient Pompeii. Leiden, Netherlands: E.J. Brill, 1976.

Pliny the Elder. Natural History: A Selection. Trans. John F. Healy. New York: Penguin Books, 1991.

Robertson, Seonaid M. Dyes from Plants. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1973

Robinson, Stuart. A History of Dyed Textiles. Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press, 1969.

Cunningham, Scott. Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Crystal, Gem & Metal Magic. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 1988

Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn, 1985

Walker, Barbara G. The Book of Sacred Stones: Fact and Fallacy in the Crystal World. New York, NY: Harper & Row, 1989

Diagram Group, The. The Little Giant Encyclopedia of Superstitions. New York, NY:Sterling Publishing Co, 1999

The Little Giant Encyclopedia of Spells and Magic. New York, NY:Sterling Publishing Co, 1999 compiled by Jane Johnson, edited by Nancy Bailey

Culpeper's Color Herbal edited by David Potterton published by Sterling ISBN 080698582

Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs Copyright 1985 Scott Cunningham Published by Llewellyn Publications ISBN 0875421229

Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 2: Magicks & Miracles. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.

Simbalist, E.E.; Turner, S.A.; Whalley, M. et al. Chivalry and Sorcery The Rebirth Volume 3: Gamemaster’s Companion. Great Britain: Lion Press; 2000.

Grun, Benard The Time Tables of History The third Revised edition. Touchstone, Simon & Schuster Press; 1991

Gabaldon, Diana. The Outlandish Companion. Delacorte Press; 1999

Reeves, Compton. Pleasures and Pastimes in Medieval England. New York Oxford, Oxford University Press; 1998

Lacey, Robert; Danziger, Danny. The Year 1000. Little, Brown and Company; 1999

Dyer, Christopher. Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages. Revised edition. Cambridge University Press; 1998

Gurwvich Aron. Medieval Popular Culture. Cambridge University Press; 1995

Wilkinson, Philip. Pockets Castles. DK Publishing; 1997

Macaulay, David. CASTLE. Houghton Mifflin Company; 1977

Mubdy, John; Riesenberg, Peter. The Medieval Town. Robert E. Krieger Publishing Company

Pirenne, Henri. Medieval Cities. Doubleday press

Rörig,Fritz. The Medieval Town. University of California Press

Culpeper's Color Herbal

Edited by David Potterton Published by Sterling ISBN 080698582

Cunningham's Encyclopedia of Magical Herbs, Copyright 1985 Scott Cunningham Published by Llewellyn Publications ISBN 0875421229